Substantive justice and procedural justice are components of:

• A. Distributive Justice
• B. Corrective Justice
• C. Punitive Justice
• D. Restorative Justice

Answer: (B)

Substantive justice and procedural justice both relate to fairness, but they address different sides of justice. Substantive justice concerns the fairness of the outcomes or remedies themselves, while procedural justice concerns the fairness of the processes used to reach those outcomes. Corrective justice is about rectifying a wrong and restoring the harmed party to their rightful position, which requires a fair content of the remedy (substantive) and a fair method for deciding and delivering that remedy (procedural). That combination makes it the best fit for encompassing both aspects. In contrast, distributive justice focuses on how resources are shared, restorative justice emphasizes repairing relationships and community harmony, and punitive justice centers on punishment rather than the remedy for a wrong.